高中三年级英语学案Units 11-（精选3篇）
高中三年级英语学案Units 11- 篇1
高中三年级英语学案units 15-16 (b3)
【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1.acknowledge vt.承认；告知已收到，为……表示感谢
he refused to acknowledge defeat/that he was defeated.
he acknowledged having made a mistake.
we must not fail to acknowleage his services to the town.
have a good knowledge of对……非常了解
have no knowledge of对……不熟悉
bring sth. to the knowledge of sb.让某人知道……
to one’s knowledge据某人所知
without the knowledge of在……不知道的情况下
2.starve vi.挨饿；饿死starvation n.饥饿；饿死
the proud man said he would starve rather than beg for food.
she is starving for attention.
i have been starving to see her.
starve for sth./to do渴望；急需要
starve to death饿死
3.fit in (with)与……相适应；与……相协调
the doctor managed to fit me in this morning.
i will happily change my plans to fit in with yours.
4.possess vt.拥有；具有
who takes possessions of the possessions?
the possessions are in the possession of mary.
possess nothing一无所有；possessor=owner拥有者；take possession of占有；拥有；in possesson of拥有；占有；in the possession of被占有
5.hold back
（1）退缩，踌躇
when danger came, no one held back.
（2）the police held back the crowd.
（3）阻碍
his poor education is holding him back.
（4）保留（实情，隐瞒）
he held back the fact that he was seriously ill.
hold on(打电话时)等着，别挂断；继续，持续下去
hold on to抓住，不放弃；拥有
hold out提出，伸出，维持
6.nevertheless adv. & conj.虽然如此；然而
he was tired; nevertheless/however, he kept writing.
i can’t go. nevertheless, i appreciate the invitation.
he is often rude to me, but i like him nevertheless.
二、词义辨析
persuade, convince与advise
（1）persuade和convince意思均为说服，前者着重情感上的“敦促，劝告”，后者着重理智方面的“辩论，证明”，两者结构相同。
persuade/convince sb. that…; persuade/convince sb. of sth.
①he persuaded me that it was not worth buying.他说服我，那东西不值得买。
（2）persuade还可表示说明某人做（或不做）某事，其结构为：
persuade sb.(not) to do sth.; persuade sb. into/out of doing sth.
②he persuaded me to do that.=he persuade me into doing that.他说服我去做那件事。
（3）persuade和convince都表示结果，即说服了，若表示“说服”或“劝说”的动作，常用try to persuade(或convince)，也可用advise表示。
③i advised (tried to persuade) him to start early but he didn’t listen.
我说服他早点动身，可他不听。
三、重点句型
1.what do you think teenagers in china have in common with those in other countries?
你认为中国的青年和外国的青少年有些什么共同之处？
do you think 为插入成份,常插在特殊疑问句中,构成复杂的特殊疑问句,其构成形式为:疑问代词或疑问副词+插入成份+陈述部分you也可以换成其他代词。think也可以换成其他表达想法或看法的动词：believe, consider, suppose., imagine, guess等。
when and where do you think we will have a picnic?
你认为我们将在何时何地野餐？
how do you suppose he passed the exam?
你猜他是如何通过考试的？
2.would you like to make a difference by becoming a volunteer?
你愿意成为一位志愿者，从而使生活有所变化吗？
would like/love to do sth.意为“愿意/想要做……”，to为不定式，后接动词原形。
指点迷津：would like/love to have done sth. 指过去本想做某事而实际上未做。
3.since lu hao began his twice weekly visits, mr. zhao’s health has improved.
自从鲁浩开始每周两次拜访他以来，赵老师的健康状况已大有好转。
since 意为“自从……以来”，可作为连词、介词、副词，表示事情持续的起点。
指点迷津：以过去的时间为起点，持续到现在，多用现在完成时；从过去更早的时间持续到过去，多用过去完成时；从过去持续到将来，多和将来完成时连用。
it is/ has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时，可译为：自从……以来已经多长时间了。从句中动作多用非延续性动词。
4.every time he plays football he is watched by thousands of adoring becks fans all over the world.
每次他踢足球时，全世界的热爱贝克汉姆的球迷们都注视着他。
every time每一次，在此用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句。
【考点透视 考例精析】
[考例1] the place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
a.which; where b.at which; which c.at which; where d.which; in which
[解析] c 第一空是定语从句,第二句是表语从句。
[考例2] nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, ______ in the clothing industry.
a.is working b.works c. work d.worked
[解析] c 主语的中心词是women,主谓一致,谓语动词用复数,时态是一般现在时。
[考例3] ---- do you know where david is? i couldn’t find him anywhere.
---- well . he _______ have gone far ----his coat’s still here.
a.shouldn’t b.mustn’t c.can’ t d.wouldn’t
[解析] c 对于过去的猜测“不可能走了”,因为他的外套还在这儿。
[考例4] the president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ______ his notes.
a.bringing up b.referring to c.looking for d.trying on
[解析] b refer to参照讲稿。 bring up“把……带大”; look for“寻找”; try on“实验”。
【基础演练】
一、据首字母（汉语提示）填词，完成句子。
1.many social services are still provided by v____ __ societies.
2.what’s your ____ __(年) salary?
3.they employ ___ ___(临时的) labour to pick the fruit.
4.the city council ____ __（赞成） the building plans.
5.she was ____ __（具有） of a wonderful calm temperament.
6.he is so lazy that it’s difficult to a___ ___ his ability.
7.the high cost is a major ___ ___（障碍）.
8.in a__ ___ to giving a general introduction to computers, the course also provides practical experience.
9.have you gained a teaching ___ ___（资格）.
10.it is important to be ___ ___（准时）for your classes.
二、单项选择
1.______ , the dancers practice hard to make their dreams come true.
a.being disabled as they b.as they are disabled
c.disabled as they are d. disabled so they are
2. so biologists were ______ early this year when, with the help of the navy, they were able to______ a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds.
a.delighting; keep track of b.delighted; keep in touch with
c.delighting; keep an eye out d.delighted; keep track of
3.criticism from coaches, and other teammates, as well as ______ to win can create an excessive(过度的) amount of anxiety for young athletes.
a.pressure b.reputation c.standard d.permission
4.what you said was true. it was, ______， a little unkind.
a. therefore b.nevertheless c.anyway d.thus
5.unless the worker’s demands are ______ , soon there will be a strike.
a.paid b. met c. permitted d. replied
6.have you ever read the book “ the wolf totem” by jiang rong, ______ tells the story of the relationship between wolves and human beings ?
a.whom b.that c.which d.as
7.created in 1420 as an imperial palace, the forbidden city ______ in the center of beijing for 600 years.
a.has stood b.stands c.to stand d.stood
8.______asia, european countries have started to worry about bird flu, as birds infected with the deadly flu has been found in romania, turkey and russia.
a.excep t b.apart c. in addition to d.beside
9.living across two centries, ba jin experienced many periods of danger and suffering but never lost his beliefs ______ a person should tell the truth and be an honest man.
a.what b.that c.when d.不填
10.the qinghai-tibet railroad, ______ on october 16, connects tibet with the rest of china.
a.completes b.completed c.completing d.completes
【能力拓展】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
people can be addicted to different things —— e. g. alcohol, drug, certain foods, or even television. people who have such an addiction are compulsive: they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. according to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. they feel that they must spend money. this compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably. for compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. in other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. there is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. to save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don?t need just because they are cheap. they want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners. most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real one.
it is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. they consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.
psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy (疗法)” to help individuals solve their personality problems. in the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.
1.according to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping for a compulsive spender is ______.
a.to get things they want
b.to meet their strong psychological need
c.to spend a lot of money
d.to meet their basic needs
2.according to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly search for the lowest possible prices ______.
a.because they feel satisfied if they spend less money than others
b.because they have money problem
c.because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money
d.because they want to save money to help their budget
3.what does the passage mainly discuss?
a.the use of the psychology of spending money in business.
b.a special psychology of bargaining.
c.a method to help compulsive spenders to solve the problem of money.
d.the psychology of money spending habits.
参考答案
高三部分
units 15~16 (b3)
基础演练
一、1.voluntary 2.annual 3.casual 4.approved 5.posessed 6.assess
7.drawback 8.addition 9.qualification 10.punctual
二、1.c 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.b
能力拓展
参考答案及解析：
1.c 文章第一段第七行 their pleasure in spending large amounts is… 可知。
2.a 文章第一段倒数第四行compulsive bargain hunters…可知。
3.d
高中三年级英语学案Units 11- 篇2
高中三年级英语学案units 11-12 (b3)
【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1.pull out
（1）vt.(车辆，船只等)驶出，（火车）驶离车站（反义词组pull in）
the ship pulled out into the middle of the driver.
（2）拉掉，拔掉，使分离
the policeman pulled out a gun.
（3）使……从……中退出（pull out of）
the general pulled his troops out of the area.
2.suspect vt.怀疑；不相信n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象
i suspect the truth of her statement.
句型：supect sb of (doing) sth.; suspect sb to be/to have done.
i strongly suspect that they?re trying to get rid of me.
3.embarrass vt.使尴尬；使为难
are you trying to embarrass me?
he was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever he was.
embarrassing adj.令人困惑的，尴尬的；embarrassment. n.窘迫，令人窘迫的人或事
4.congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺
he congratulates them on what they have achieved.
i congratulated him on the great discovery.
congratulations to you on having passed the college entrance examinations.
we offered our congratulations to peter on winning the first place in the game.
5.live up to按……行事；做到；和……相符
we continued to live up to our promises.
they hope he will live up to their expectation.
6.shame
（1）n.［c］&［u］羞耻，羞愧，惭愧
she was full of shame at her bad behavior and hung her head in shame.
短语：to one?s shame令某人惭愧/羞愧的是……
（2）n.［c］&［u］耻辱，羞辱
bring shame on sb./oneself使某人自己丢脸
your bad behavior brings shame on the whole school.
（3）n.［c］遗憾的事，可惜
what a shame (that) it rained on the day of your garden party!
7.decline vi.变小；拒绝；变少；变弱n.下降，衰退
her influence declined after she lost the election.
they asked me to their party, but i declined the invitation.
he declined to answer.他拒绝回答。
the land declines toward the river.那块土地向河流方向倾斜。
there has been a gradual decline in the population of the town.
on the decline衰退中（的），走下坡（的）
8.drop out (of)退出；辍学
since his defeat he has dropped out of politics.
she dropped out of college after only 2 weeks.
9.donate vt.捐赠；赠送
donate sth. to sb./sth.向……捐赠……
give away sth. to sb.向……捐赠……
present sth. to sb.=present sb. with sth.向……捐赠……
10.result in引起（结果）；结果……
result in=cause=lead to导致
rusult from因……而产生
as a result of因……而产生……
as a result结果
二、词义辨析
match, suit与fit
（1）match：多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
the curtains and carpets should match.窗帘和地毯应该相配。
（2）suit:多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。
does the time suit you?这个时间对你合适吗？
no dish suits all tastes.众口难调。
（3）fit:多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合”“协调”。
the new shoes fit me well.这双新鞋我穿着大小合适。
the dress doesn’t fit her.这件衣服不适合她穿。
三、重点句型
1.not going to university is not a shame.
不上大学并不是一件丑事。
not going to university 是动名词短语的否定式，在句中作主语。注意非谓语动词的否定式：not to do ,not doing ,not having done等。
2.no matter how hard you try, working towards a career for which you are not suitable is not going to get your there.
无论你多么努力，只要去做一项你并不适合的工作是不会取得成功的。
matter常跟疑问词构成连词引导让步状语从句。如：no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no matter how等。
3.they called this goal“education for all”.他们把这个目标称为“所有孩子的教育”。“call+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，意思是“说……是，认为……，称作……”。
①call + o + n.
we called him lao wang.我们称他老王。
i call that a shame. 我认为那是一种耻辱。
②call + o + adj.
i call that dishonest.我认为那不诚实。
③跟其他类型的复合宾语
④call me what you like.你喜欢怎么称呼我都行。
［思维拓展］
①call v.可以表示“叫作，称呼”“叫，叫唤”“来访”“（给某人）打电话”等。called常用来作后置定语，“叫作……”。
②常见call短语有：
call back回电话
call for需要，要求；接人，取物
call in召集，召请
call off取消（某活动）
call on/upon拜访某人
call at ( a place )拜访某地
call up 给……打电话，征召人役（参军）
【考点透视 考例精析】
[考例1] the three sisters decided to hold a family party to ______ their parents’ silver wedding.
a.celebrate b.memorize c.congratulate d.welcome
[解析] a 本题考查近义词辨析。celebrate sth庆祝（某事），memorize“记住”，congratulate sb on sth祝贺某人某事，welcome欢迎。
[考例2] he proved himself a true gentleman and beauty of his _______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
a.temper b.appearance c.talent d.character
[解析] d temper意为“心情，脾气”；appearance“外表，外貌”；talent“才能，才干”；character“性格，个性，性情”。
[考例3] i walked in our garden, ______ tom and jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.
a.which b.when c.where d.that
[解析] c 考查语法知识在具体语境中的实际运用能力，where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词garden，意为“在那里”，表地点，而非时间。
[考例4] before the war broke out, many people ______ in safe places possessions they could not take with them.
a.threw away b.put away c.gave away d.carried away
[解析] b 本题考查动词短语辨析。throw away“扔掉，放弃”，put away“把……收好，整理好”，give away“捐赠，泄露”，carry away“带走”，题意为“战争爆发前，人们会把带不走的财产放在安全的地方”。
【基础演练】
一、据首字母（汉语提示）填词，完成句子。
1.she was __ ____（怀疑） of being a spy.
2.c___ ___ on winning the race.
3.money helps to s____ ___ away most problems.
4.the police __ ____（追赶） the stolen vehicle along the motorway.
5.students often find ____ __（临时的） jobs during their summer holidays.
6.education is ____ __（义务的） for all children in britain between the ages of sand 16.
7.the public remain ___ ___（怀疑的） of these claims.
8.there is a growing ____ __（趋势） for people to work at home instead of in offices.
9.where can i o____ __ a copy of her latest book?
10.it must be e___ __ to all of you that he has made a mistake.
二、单项选择
1.what ____ __ of students pass the cet4 college?
a.percent b.percentage c. division d. category
2.the disguise was so good that i had no ______ of his real identity.
a.wonder b. hesitation c.suspicion d.thought
3.he was afraid he would have to ______ invitation to the party.
a.ignore b. decline c.decrease d. deny
4.green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally_______. [06 福建卷]
a. friendly b. various c.common d. changeable
5.when i passed the entrance examination, my family ______ me ______ my sucesses.
a.celebrated; on b.congratulated; on
c. celebrated; to d.congratulated; to
6.his injury forced him to ______ the competition.
a. drop out b. drop out of c.drop in d. drop in on
7.a complete investigation into the cause of the accident should lead to improved standards and should ______ new operating procedures.
a. result in b. match with c. subject to d. proceed with
8.these clothes ______ a tropical climate.
a.are not used to b. are not suited to
c. don’t rely on d.don’t serve
9.the doctors ______ the medicines to the people in the flooded area.
a.distinguished b. chose c.annoyed d.distributed
10. the police ______ the evidence by legal means that george murdered his wife.
a.achieved b.gained c.obtained d.contained
【能力拓展】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
it is often said that differences between people can be caused by the different times when the people were born. for example, people who were born between march 21 and april 20 are supposed to be active, daring, and strong. they like power and enjoy adventures. they think quickly and have strong wills.
on the other hand, those who were born between april 21 and may 20 are supposed to learn more slowly, but they remember what they learn. they love children, and they usually have many friends.
people born between may 21 and june 21 are bright and interesting. they like to talk, and they enjoy wearing fine clothes. those born between june 22 and july 22, on the other hand, think deeply. they would rather hide their feelings than express them.
people who were born between july 23 and august 22 are generally proud. they are interested in many subjects, and it is interesting to hear them talk. those born between august 23 and september 22 are said to be calm and thoughtful. they like to read and often become successful scientists.
those who were born between september 23 and october 22 seldom become excited. they love beauty and have a great desire to learn. and those born between october 23 and november 21 are often admired because they learn quickly and can express their ideas easily.
it is said that people born between november 22 and december 21 enjoy meeting strangers, and they are able to command those around them, while people born between december 22 and january 19 have strong feelings, which they are quick to express.
people who were born between january 20 and february 18 are dreamers, and they have the power to make their dreams come true. and those born between february 19 and march 20 are successful with money but they are also peaceful and kind.
these are some of the beliefs of astrologers (占星家), who think human differences are caused by the positions of the sun, moon, and stars.
1.the author’s purpose in writing this is probably ______.
a.to provide reference for fortune tellers
b.to help parents cultivate(教育) their children?s character
c.to tell the reason for different characters among people
d.to provide reference for people to check the characters
2.according to the passage, which of the following might be true?
a.people born in spring are all clever.
b.those who become wealthy are probably born in spring.
c.children born in september may have many friends.
d.important people are usually born in autumn.
3. who have strong wills and quick at thinking?
a.people born between march 21 and april 20.
b.people born between april 2l and may 20.
c.people born between may 21 and june 21.
d.people born between june 22 and july 22.
4.the passage is mainly about ______ .
a.the characteristic of the twelve months
b.the influence of the sun on people?s character
c. the relations of sun, moon and stars
d.the relationship between people?s characters and their birthdays
参考答案
高三部分
units 11~12 (b3)
基础演练
一、1.suspected 2.congratulations 3.smooth 4.pursued 5 .temporary 6. compulsory 7.sceptical 8.tendency 9.obtain 10.evident
二、1.b 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.b 6.b 7.a 8.b 9.d 10.c
能力拓展
参考答案及解析：
1.d 为了供人们参考，本文引述了不同月份出生的人具有的不同生理及性格特征。
2.b 参见倒数第二段。
3.a 参见第一段的倒数第一、二句。
4.d 本文的第一段为主题段，主题段的首句为主题句。
高中三年级英语学案Units 11- 篇3
高中三年级英语学案units 3-4 (b3)
【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1.govern vt. & vi.统治;控制;治理
the mayor governed the city very wisely.
self interest governs all his actions.
government n.政府，政体，统治；governor总督，省长，主管人员；the governing class统治阶级；the governing body董事会，理事会
2. as a consequence (of)作为（……的）结果
as a consequence of his laziness, he was fired.
as a consequence, the bitterest race hatrads broke out in hungary.
类似表达：in (as a) consequence of由于……，因……;as a result of因……
3.break out(火灾、疾病、战争、暴乱等)突然发生
break away from脱离；放弃（习惯等）；打破（陈规）
break into破门而入；突然……起来
break in闯入；打断
break up拆散；分裂；分解
break down毁掉；垮；身体垮下来
break off折断，打断
用法注意：break out一般不用于被动语态和进行时。
4.round up聚拢；征集；搜捕
the guide rounded up the tourists and took them back to the coach.
the teacher asked for the whole class to be rounded up.
5.classify vt.编排；分类
classify sth. according to/by sth.依据……分类
classify sb./sth. as归入……类；分等级
classify sb./sth. in/into…把……归为……类
the books in the library are classified by subject.
6.promote v.使晋升；促进；设立；发起
promote sb. to sth.提升，擢升某人
promote foreign trade促进对外贸易
promote a new product促销新产品
7.reward n. vt.报答；报酬；给报酬，奖赏
ask for reward不图报酬
give a reward to sb. for sth.为某事给某人报酬
offer a reward of…给酬金……
as a reward for…作为对……的酬谢
reward sb. for sth./doing sth.因……报答某人
reward sb. with/by…用……酬谢某人
8.pass away去世，逝世
pass by走过；经过；忽视
pass sth. down(常用于被动语态)一代一代传下去
pass sth. on(to sb.)将某物传交给（某人）
pass through sth.经历（一段时间）
二、词义辨析
1. respect, honour与regard
辨析：respect, honour与regard
（1）respect尊敬，正式用语，指对父母、年长者、正直的人、学者、法律等的尊敬或敬重。
如：
he respects his parents.他尊敬父母。
（2）honour尊敬，非常尊敬（＝respect highly）指对君主、长辈、父母、贵人、德高之人、正直之人、天神等的敬意。
如：
he was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。
（3）regard尊敬，指对父母、他人的感情、法律等的尊敬。
we all regard our english teacher highly.我们都很尊敬我们的英语老师。
2.be sure of与be sure to do
be sure of(或that)主语是人，主语感到“有把握，确信”
be sure to do主语可以是人或物，表示说话人推测“一定，必然会”。
如：
he is sure of his success.=he is sure that he will succeed.
他确信他会成功。（主语he的信念）
he is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。（说话人的意见）
it is sure to rain.天准会下雨。
三、重点句型
1.it would be many years until australia learnt to respect aborigines and recognise the importance of a diverse society.
很多年之后澳大利亚人才开始尊重土著人，并且意识到多样性社会的重要性。
it would(will) be +段时间+until+从句是一个句型，表示“过多长时间才……”。
如：
it would be 10 years until he knew the truth
十年之后他才得知真相。
it will be 10 years until you understand
十年后你才会明白。
2.in area it is approximately the same size as the usa (without alaska), which, however, has more than fourteen times as many people.
从面积上说，它大约同美国（不包括阿拉斯加）相当，而美国的人口却是澳大利亚的十四倍多。
as many people 后面省掉了 it has. 注意倍数表达法。
如a是b的x倍，可表示如下：
a be x times the size/height/length…of b
a be x times as big/high/long as b
a be x-1 times bigger/higher/longer than b
a be bigger/higher than b by x-1 times
3.in his youth charles darwin enjoyed all the freedom to experiment and do whatever he liked.
在年轻时代，查理斯•达尔文可以自由地做试验及他喜欢做的任何事。
whatever he liked 引导宾语从句，作do的宾语。
四、语法复习
1.表语
（一）表语的定义
表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。
（二）表语的表现形式
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不式式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
（1）名词
our teacher of english is an american.我们的英语老师是美国人。
he is an astronaut.他是一位宇航员。
（2）代词
is this yours?这是你的吗？
that’s all i want to tell you.我要告诉你的就是这些。
（3）形容词
the weather has turned cold.天气变冷了。
guilin is the most beautiful city that i have ever visited.桂林是我到过的最美丽的城市。
（4）分词
the speech is exciting.这演讲激动人心。
the teacher was pleased with my spoken english.老师对我的英语口语很满意。
（5）数词
three times seven is twentyone.3乘7等于21。
he is always the first to enter the office.他总是第一个进办公室。
（6）不定式
his job is to teach english.他的工作是教英语。
their plan is to finish the experiment in a week.他们的计划是一周内完成这项实验。
（7）动名词
his hobby is playing football.他的爱好是踢足球。
my wish is studying law in a university.我的愿望是在大学学习法律。
（8）介词短语
the machine must be out of order.机器一定出毛病了。
he is against our plan.他反对我们的计划。
（9）副词
time is up. the class is over.时间到了，下课。
my father isn’t in. he is out.我父亲不在家，他出去了。
（10）表语从句
the truth is that he has never been abroad.
实际情况是他从未出过国。
2.宾语
（一）宾语的定义
宾语表示动作的对象或行为的承受者，用在及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词之后。可以作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、名词化的形容词、ing分词短语、从句等。
（二）宾语的表现形式
（1）名词
they went to see an exhibition yesterday.他们昨天去看了展览。
he is going to buy a dictionary.他打算买本字典。
（2）代词
the heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
那场大雨使我未能准时到校上学。
we should learn from him.我们应该向他学习。
（3）数词
-how many dictionaries do you have?你有几本字典？
-i have five.我有5本。
（4）名词化的形容词或分词
they helped the old with their housework yesterday.他们昨天帮助老年人做家务。
we should take the wounded to the hospital immediately.
我们应该立刻把伤员送进医院。
（5）不定式（短语）
he pretended not to see me.他假装没有看见我。
she didn?t know what to do next.她不知道下一步做什么。
（6）动名词（短语）
i enjoy listening to popular music.我喜欢听游行音乐。
he practises speaking english every day.他每天练习讲英语。
（7）从句
i think (that) he is fit for his office.我认为他称职。
he asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class.他问我班上谁的发音最好。
（三）宾语的种类
（1）直接宾语
直接宾语表示动作的承受者或结果，通常指物。
lend me your dictionary, please.请把你的字典借给我。
excuse me, please. could you tell me the way to the railway station?
对不起，请问到火车站怎么走？
（2）间接宾语
间接宾语表示动作所向的或所为的人或物，通常指人。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前，也可位于直接宾语之后，但此时在它的前面须加介词to。
the company sent us a few computers last year.公司去掉给我们送了几台计算机。
he sent a birthday gift to me yesterday.昨天他送给我一份生日礼物。
（3）复合宾语
有些动词除了跟有宾语外，还需要一个词来说明宾语的身份或状态，以补充其意义的不足，这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足语。宾语与宾语补足语一起就叫做复合宾语，它们在逻辑上有主谓关系。如果直接宾语是不定式、动名词或从句，常用it作形式宾语。
they elected him their monitor.他们选他当班长。（代词+名词）
i found the baby always happy.我发现这个婴儿总是很愉快的。（名词+形容词）
the next day he found himself in the hospital when he waked.
当他第二天醒来时发现自己在医院里。（代词+介词短语）
i often ask him to help me with my english.我经常请他帮助我学英语。
（代词+动词不定式）
i find it easy to answer this question.我发现回答这个问题是容易的。
（it作形式宾语）
（4）介词宾语
位于介词后面的宾语称做介词宾语。
in our school about threefourths of the students are from the north.
我们学校3/4的学生来自北方。
【考点透视 考例精析】
[考例1] it is reported that the united states uses _______ energy as the whole of europe.
a.as twice b.twice much c.twice much as d.twice as much
[解析] d 本题考查倍数表达法。考比较等级及修饰语，表分数、倍数、百分数的修饰语一般应放在比较等级的前面。详见前面解释。
[考例2] you were silly not _______ your car.
a.to lock b.to have locked c.locking d.having locked
[解析] d 考非谓语动词，由句意可知lock your car的动作应该业已完成，故选择d项。
[考例3] it was a pity that the great writer died ________ his works unfinished.
a.for b.with c.from d.of
[解析] b 考查with的复合结构。with+名词+过去分词通常在句中作伴随状语。
[考例4] don’t be discouraged. ______ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
a.taking b.to take c.take d.taken
[解析] c 祈使句+and+将来时态的句子＝if条件句+将来时态的句子。
[考例5] before building a house, you will have to ______ the government’s permission.
a.get from b. follow c.receive d.ask for
[解析] d ask for permission是固定词组，意为“征求许可；征得同意。”
【基础演练】
一、据首字母（汉语提示）填词，完成句子。
1.her ______(同伴) share her interest in computers.
2.the airplane’s _______ (目的地) is pairs.
3.t______ this sentence into the passive.
4.chinese is his _______(长项).
5.he has a poor french ______(词汇量).
6.what is the usual ______ (手续) for setting up a new school?
7.exercise gave me an ______(食欲).
8.the teacher______ (计算) the average mark of the class.
9.they are preparing for war on a large______ (规模).
10.never judge a man by his ______(外貌).
二、单项选择
1.every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the______ .
a.consequences b.endings c.results d.outcome
2.in the first several years of our economic reform, many military factories have been ______ into civil ones in order to meet the needs of the country.
a.altered b.converted c.transmitted d.transformed
3.people in new york ______ that their city is the most vital city in the world.
a.announce b. claim c.state d.pronounce
4.she ______ her sister in appearance but not in character.
a.looks b. compares c. resembles d.equals
5.the two sides in the dispute still differ ______ each other ______ the question of pay.
a.with; over b.with; in c.over; with d.on; over
6.we should make a clear _______ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion.
a.distinction b. discrimination c.deviation d.separation
7.it was said that she was going abroad at her own ______.
a.money b.expense c.fund d.charge
8. ______ energy must be released in one form or another, for example, and earthquake.
a.gathered b.collected c.accumulated d.assembled
9.in countries where there are still not many schools, education is a ______ .
a.power b.privilege c.program d.promotion
10.because of his achievements in the last year, john was ______ to a higher position.
a. risen b.promoted c.lifted d.grown
【能力拓展】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
sitting is an art that isn’t getting passed along. people these days feel as though they have to be doing something. if they are not working, they are jogging, or playing tennis or golf, or taking courses to improve their minds or bodies-or they are parked in front of the tv. sitting in front of the tv isn’t sitting-it’s watching.
people used to sit a whole lot. you would walk down the street or drive down the road, and there they would be, out on the doorsteps, sitting. you could go down to the store and sit on the bench out front in the summer or around the fire in the winter. there were sitting benches out in the town square. at the garage, there were straight-backed chairs. there among the oil cans and tires and spare parts, you could kick back and sit.
houses used to have sitting rooms, where the grown-ups would go after sunday dinner. mom and dad, grandpa and aunt ruby would sit and digest(消化) the fried chicken and talk about aunt ethel’s illness, and how well the minister did today. outside, the children would play, and the afternoon would pass by in a comfortable haze(悠闲的氛围 ).
that sort of thing looks like doing nothing. a recharging battery(正充电的电池)doesn’t look as if it’s doing anything either. sitting restores your soul. if you want to enjoy a truly full life, don’t just do something-sit there.
1.what message does the author try to get through to us?
a.people should make better use of their sitting room.
b.people should spend less time watching tv.
c.people should pass down their good habits.
d.people should take things easy for their own good.
2.we can learn from the second paragraph that______ .
a.people lived a more restful life in the past
b.towns were built to make living convenient
c.small town garages had a lot to offer
d.people enjoyed going out for a drive
3.the sitting room mentioned in the text used to be a place for ______ .
a.eating food b.watching tv
c.gathering together d.playing with children
4. from the text we know the writer believes ______ .
a.sitting has a good spiritual effect
b.sitting helps people remember the past
c.a sitting room may have different purposes
d.a sitting room is important for the old
参考答案
高三部分
units 3~4 (b3)
基础演练
一、1.fellows 2.destination 3.transform 4.strength 5.vocabulary 6.procedure
7.appetite 8. calculated 9. scale 10.appearance
二、1.a 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.a 6.a 7.b 8.c 9.b 10.b
能力拓展
参考答案及解析：
1—5 daca
1.d 根据文章最后一段可知。
2.a 人们过去过着一种比较安逸的生活。
3.c 根据第三段的内容mom and dad, grandpa and…
4.a 根据文章最后一段sitting restores your soul可知。
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