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2023届高考英语定语从句

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2023届高考英语定语从句(通用3篇)BcW易文君-文库范文网

2023届高考英语定语从句 篇1

  语法复习四:定语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, asBcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、关系副词:when, where, whyBcW易文君-文库范文网

  关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,    同时在从句中又充当句子成分。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. she is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the comrade with whom i came knows french.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. i was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1、that与which的区别。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1)用that而不用 which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. there is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the first place that they visited in guilin was elephant trunk hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  this is the best film that i have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  mr smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2)用which而不用 that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. he had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  this is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3)as引导定语从句时的用法BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. i want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as i expect 等。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. as i expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. he made a long speech, as we expected.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  he made a long speech, which was unexpected.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. the man who lives downstairs speaks english fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the students who are in grade three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. there is an expression in his eyes that i can’t understand.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词 + which”来代替。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. october 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the people’s republic of china was founded.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. the sick man whom she is looking after is her father.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  6. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who,且可省略。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  e.g. the man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  练习、定语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1. the fan is on the desk. you want it.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2. the man is in the next room. he brought our textbooks here yesterday.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3. the magazine is mine. he has taken it away.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4. the students will not pass the exam . they don’t study hard.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  5. the woman is our geography teacher. you saw her in the park.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  6. the letter is from my sister. i received it yesterday.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  7. the play was wonderful. we saw it last night.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  8. the train was late. it was going to nanning.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  9. the boy is my brother. he was here a minute ago.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  10. the tree is quite tall. he is climbing it.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  11. here is the girl. her brother works in this shop.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  12. that’s the child. we were looking at his drawing just now.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  13. this is the boy. his sister is a famous singer.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  14. i want to talk to the boys. their homework haven’t been handed in.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  15. is that the woman? her daughter is in my class.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  16. he used to live in a big house. in front of it grew many banana trees.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  17. they passed a factory. at the back of the factory there were rice fields.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  18. the soldier ran to the building. on the top of it flew a flag.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  19. in the evening they arrived at a hill. at the foot of the hill there was a temple.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  20. she came into a big room. in the middle of it stood a large table.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1. the person ________  ________ i spoke just now is the manager that i told you about.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2. the pencil ________  ________ he was writing broke.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3. wu dong, ________  ________ i went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4. the two things ________  ________ marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of english.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  5. her bag, ________  ________ she put all her books, has not been found.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  6. the stories about the long march, ________  ________ this is one example, are well written.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  三、选择填空:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1. the man ____ visited our school yesterday is from london.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. who   b. which   c. whom   d. whenBcW易文君-文库范文网

  2. the woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. whose   b. who   c. whom   d. whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  3. because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. which   c. what   d. asBcW易文君-文库范文网

  4. do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. when   b. where    c. which   d. whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  5. tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which   b. that   c. whom   d. asBcW易文君-文库范文网

  6. those ____ want to go please sign their names here.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. whom   b. which   c. who   d. whenBcW易文君-文库范文网

  7. where is the man ____ i met this morning?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. when   b. where   c. which   d. whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  8. who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. who   b. /    c. that   d. whenBcW易文君-文库范文网

  9. the man ____ you talked just now is a worker.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. who   b. whom  c. to whom   d. to whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  10. the man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. with whom   b. when   c. to whom  d. whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  11. the doctor ____ is leaving for africa next month.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. the nurse is talking to him   b. whom the nurse is talkingBcW易文君-文库范文网

  c. the nurse is talking to    d. who the nurse is talkingBcW易文君-文库范文网

  12. the man ____ around our school is from america.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which you showed b. you showed him  c. you showed  d. where you showedBcW易文君-文库范文网

  13. he talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. of whom  b. from whom  c. about that  d. whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  14. in fact the swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in french.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. where   b. who   c. in which  d. whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  15. have you read the book ____ i lent to you?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. whom   c. when   d. whoseBcW易文君-文库范文网

  16. finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that    b. which    c. whatever  d. allBcW易文君-文库范文网

  17. the foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. most of them b. most of that  c. most of whom d. most of thoseBcW易文君-文库范文网

  18. this is the very letter ____came last night.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. who   b. which   c. that   d. asBcW易文君-文库范文网

  19. i know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than i.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. whoever  b. whomever  c. anyone  d. the oneBcW易文君-文库范文网

  20. this is the school ____ we visited three days ago.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. where   b. /    c. when   d. whatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  21. this is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. where   b. that   c. which   d. on whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  22. nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which   b. in which  c. that   d. /BcW易文君-文库范文网

  23. jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that, what  b. what, that  c. which, what  d. that, whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  24. do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. which   c. its   d. whoseBcW易文君-文库范文网

  25. in the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. whom   b. who   c. to whom  d. form whomBcW易文君-文库范文网

  26. is this school ____ we visited three years ago?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. the one  b. which   c. that   d. whereBcW易文君-文库范文网

  27. is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. the one  b. where   c. in which  d. /BcW易文君-文库范文网

  28, how many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. whose   b. who    c. whom   d. whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  29. alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. it    b. which   c. that   d. he BcW易文君-文库范文网

  30. the train was crowded and i had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. when there were  b. which there were  c. that there were  d. where there wereBcW易文君-文库范文网

  31. i live in the house ____ windows face south. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which   b. whose   c. where   d. in thatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  32. ---- what game is popular with them?   ---- the ____ most is tennis.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. game they like it  b. game they like c. best game they like d. best game they like itBcW易文君-文库范文网

  33. they stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine i had.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which   b. which time  c. during which time d. during whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  34. the room ____ mr white lives is not very large. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. which   c. where   d. whenBcW易文君-文库范文网

  35. don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the youth league.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. when   b. that   c. at which  d. whereBcW易文君-文库范文网

  36. i’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. what   c. which   d. whenBcW易文君-文库范文网

  37. he returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which   b. as    c. that   d. itBcW易文君-文库范文网

  38. ____ we is known to all, english is not very difficult to learn.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. what   b. as    c. that   d. whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  39. the old man had three sons, all of ____ died during world war ⅱ.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. whose   b. that   c. whom   d. whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  40. i have bought two pens, ____ write well.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. none of which b. neither of which  c. both of which d. all of whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  41. do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. why   b. which   c. for that  d. of whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  42. he failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. which   b. what   c. it    d. thatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  43. during the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. following  b. followed  c. to follow  d. that followedBcW易文君-文库范文网

  44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. it    b. which   c. as   d. thatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  45. he studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that was what b. what was that c. and which was d. which was whatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  46. we should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. when   b. as    c. whose   d. whatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  47. you must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. when   b. as    c. whose   d. whatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  48. he is absent ____ is often the case.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. what   b. which   c. who   d. asBcW易文君-文库范文网

  49. it is the first time ____ i have come to your city.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. which   c. what   d. whenBcW易文君-文库范文网

  50. who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. who   b. that   c. whom   d. whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  51. i shall never forget those years ____ i lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that, which  b. when, which c. which, that  d. when, whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  52. this is the only book ____ i can find.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. that   b. which   c. it    d. with whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  53. i don’t like ____ you speak to her.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. the way  b. the way in that  c. the way which  d. the way of whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  54. that is one of those books that ____ worth reading.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. is    b. are   c. has    d. haveBcW易文君-文库范文网

  55. this is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. is    b. are   c. has    d. haveBcW易文君-文库范文网

  56. there was ____ to prevent the accident.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. something could do    b. anything we could do  BcW易文君-文库范文网

  c. nothing we couldn’t do   d. nothing we could doBcW易文君-文库范文网

  参考答案BcW易文君-文库范文网

  语法复习四:定语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  一、1. the fan that you want is on the desk.  2. the man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room.  3. the magazine which he has taken away is mine.  4. the students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.  5. the woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher.  6. the letter i received yesterday is from my sister.  7. the play that we saw last night was wonderful.  8. the train which was going to nanning was late.  9. the boy who was here a minute ago is my brother.  10. the tree he is climbing is quite tall.  11. here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.  12. that’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.  13. this is the boy whose sister is a favous singer.  14. i want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in.  15. is that the woman whose daughter is in my class?  16. he used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees.  17. they passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields.  18. the soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag.  19. in the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple.  20. she came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  三、1~5 abacd  6~10 cdcca  11~15 ccada  16~20 accab  21~25 abbdc  BcW易文君-文库范文网

  26~30 adabd  31~35 bbdca  36~40 cabcc  41~45 aadcd  46~50 bbdab  BcW易文君-文库范文网

2023届高考英语定语从句 篇2

  定语从句用法归结BcW易文君-文库范文网

  一、 何谓定语?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  所谓定语,就是对名词或代词起修饰、说明、限制作用的成分。英语中主要有单词、短语、句子作定语。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:1、she is a beautiful girl.(单词)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、there are only 200computers connected to the internet.(短语)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3、there is a man lying outside the door. (短语)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4、she is a girl whom i love.(句子)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  注意:单个词作定语放在所修饰词的前面,短语或者句子作定语放在所修饰词的后面。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  二、 何谓定语从句?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  像4中用一个句子作主句某一名词或代词的定语时,我们称该句子为定语从句。即定语从句在主句中作定语,该从句修饰主句中的一个名词或代词。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  其中被修饰的词(名词、词组、代词)称作先行词,定语从句一般出现在主句中先行词的后面。定语从句通常由一个引导词引导,引导词常放在先行词和定语从句之间。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:he is the man who wants to see you .BcW易文君-文库范文网

  该句中he is the man是主句,who wants to see you为定语从句,the man为先行词。who为引导词,定语从句修饰主句中的先行词the man。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  三、引导词的分类BcW易文君-文库范文网

  引导词引导定语从句,主要分为:关系代词who,whom,whose,that ,which等和关系副词when,where,why.等。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  四、 定语从句的分类BcW易文君-文库范文网

  定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  限制性定语从句所修饰的词代表一个或一类特定的人或事物,该种从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就没有了意义,不能说清楚问题。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:he is the man who wants to see you .BcW易文君-文库范文网

  该从句为限制性定语从句,把定语从句去掉只剩下he is the man,没有任何意义。后面的定语从句是修饰限制前面的先行词的,使其具有一定的意义,故不能去掉。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  非限制性定语从句则不然,它只对所修饰的词做进一步说明、解释,使意思更加清晰明白,去掉之后其它部分(主句)仍然成立,仍然有意义。而且非限制性定语从句与主句之间有个明显标志:即用逗号将其隔开。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:mr smith ,who was my first english teacher,retired last week.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  该句中的非限制性定语从句,去掉之后不影响主句的意义成立,但有了它,可使主句的意义更加清晰明白。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  五、 定语从句中关系代词用法归结:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  在限制性定语从句,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (1)、指人且作主语时用who/thatBcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg: he is the man who wants to see you.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (2)、指人且作宾语时用whom/that/省略BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg: he is the man whom/ that isaw yesterday.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (3)、指人且位于介词后用whom,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:this is tha man to whom i referred just now .BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (4)、指物用that/which.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:this is the question which/that we have had so much discussion.about.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (5)、指物且位于介词后用which.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:this is the question about which/ we have had so much discussion.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (6)、指人或物且作定语时用whoseBcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:he is a boy whose name is tom.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  在非限制性定语从句,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (1)、指人且作主语时用whoBcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg: mr smith ,who was my first english teacher,retired last weekBcW易文君-文库范文网

  (2)、指人且作宾语时用whomBcW易文君-文库范文网

  mary,whom i love,promoted last week.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (3)、指物用whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:the house,which we bought last year,is very beautiful.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (4)that永远不能引导非限制性定语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:the house,that we bought last year,is very beautiful.(x)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  六、 定语从句中引导词如何使用?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  使用原则:判断定语从句中的引导词使用关系代词还是关系副词,主要看定语从句中缺少什么成分,如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语,则使用关系代词,如果定语从句中缺少状语(时间、地点、原因),则使用关系副词。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:1、i will never forget the days when we stayed together.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、i will never forget the days that\which we spent together.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  分析:在1中,定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语,明显缺少时间状语,故使用了引导词为关系副词when.,在2中,定语从句中缺少spent的宾语the days,而且同时又指物,故使用引导词为关系代词that/which.。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:3、can you think of a situation where this word can be used?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4、can you think of a situation which is similar to this one?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  分析:在3中,定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语,明显缺少地点状语,故使用了引导词为关系副词where,在4中,定语从句中缺少主语,而且同时又指物,故使用引导词为关系代词that/which.。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  七、 在定语从句中只使用which的情况归结:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1、 在非限制性定语从句中且指物时,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:the house,which we bought last year,is very beautifulBcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、 在介词后且指物时。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg this is the village in which i was born.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3、 先行词本身为that时,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:the clock is that which tells the time.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  八、 在定语从句中只使用that的情况归结:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1、 先行词为序数词(含last)或数词或最高级时或者被这些词修饰时。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:the first thing that we should do is to work out a plan,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  look at these flowers,you can see the two that you gave me.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、 先行词为all 、everything、 nothing、 much、 little、 anything、 none 、few、 the one 、only 、any、 no、 one of 等或者被这些词修饰时,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:the good man was trying to teach us all that he hnew in this lesson.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3、 先行词既有人又有物时,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg;they talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they rememberedin school.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4、 先行词分别被the very ,the only 等修饰时,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:he was the very person that i was looking for all these days.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  5、 在含有疑问代词which或who的疑问句中,BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg:who is tha man that you are talking about?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  九、 as 和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别归纳总结:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  主要遵循以下原则;BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1、 as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在句首、句中、句尾,而which只能放在句中、句尾。即which在引导非限制性定语从句时不能放在句首。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2、 as引导的非限制性定语从句时常用来指代主句的全部内容,而which指代主句的全部内容或部分内容。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3、 as引导的非限制性定语从句时常译为”正如”“正像,而 which则常译为“这”。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4、 若主句、从句的句意不一致或者从句对主句内容起反对、排斥、否定等作用时,常用which,而句意一致时,则用as.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  eg as is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  tom was admitted into the college, as we had expected.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the earth, as is known to all,is round.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  i gave him a new year card, which he enjoyed very much.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  she was married again, which was not expected.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  she was late again, as was expected..BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the meeting was a success, as we expectedBcW易文君-文库范文网

  as is often the case ,he was late for school.BcW易文君-文库范文网

2023届高考英语定语从句 篇3

  XX年高三一轮复习金子般的学案语法部分:定语从句(新人教版)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  1. 定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  2. 先行词:被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为先行词。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  3. 关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as等;关系副词:where, when, why等。关系词常有三个作用:引导定语从句;代替先行词;在定语从句中充当一个成分。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  例如:harry potter is the most interesting novel that i have read. (that i have read是定语从句;novel是先行词;that 是关系代词,代替先行词novel,在从句中作have read的宾语。)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  关系词指代人或物以及在定语从句中充当的成分BcW易文君-文库范文网

  关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分BcW易文君-文库范文网

  关系BcW易文君-文库范文网

  代词 that[ ] 人或物[ ] 主语、宾语、[ ][ ]BcW易文君-文库范文网

  表语或状语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语或定语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  who 人 主语或宾语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  whom 人 宾语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  whose 人或物 定语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  as 人或物或主句内容 主语或宾语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  关系BcW易文君-文库范文网

  副词 when 时间 状语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  where 地点 状语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  why 原因 状语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  4. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开,是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确,翻译成先行词的定语,“……的……”。非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  his brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有其他的哥哥)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  his brother, who is now a lawyer, always encourages him to go to college. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  他的哥哥,现在是律师,总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有一个哥哥)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  一、关系代词的使用BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【例句观察】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①she is the woman (whom / that / who)i wanted to see yesterday. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  她是我昨天想看的那个女的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②the package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  你扛着的包裹马上要拆开。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③obama won the nobel prize for peace in the year , which we hadn't expected. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  obama在XX年得诺贝尔和平奖是大家都没想到的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④your parents are the ones to whom you can turn when you are in trouble. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  你父母是你困难时可以求助的人。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【例句分析】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①whom / that / who指人,在限制性定语从句中作wanted to see的宾语,可以省略。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②which / that指物,在限制性定语从句中作are carrying的宾语,可以省略。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③which指前面主句内容,在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,但不能省略。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④whom前有介词to,虽然作宾语,但不能省略。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论1】关系代词若在限制性定语从句中作宾语并且前面无介词时,关系代词可省略,其他情况不可省。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (1)我,你的好朋友,当你陷入困境的时候会帮你的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  i, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (2) 《哈利•波特》是最受青少年欢迎的畅销书之一。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  harry potter is  one of the best-sellers that are popular with teenagers. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  《哈利•波特》是唯一一本让作者成为亿万富翁的畅销书。harry potter is the only one of the best-sellers that makes the author a billionaire. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (3)他通过了考试,这使我们很惊讶。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  he has passed the exam, which makes us surprised.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  众所周知,中国发生了巨大的变化。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  great changes have taken place in china,  as is known to all.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (4)每家有台电视,30年前我们认为是不可能的,现在实现了。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  to own a tv set in each family, which we think was impossible 30 years ago, now has become true. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论2】定语从句中的主谓一致问题BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (2) one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+ 复数动词;而the only one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+ 单数动词。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (3)非限制性定语从句中,由关系代词as或which代替整个主句时,从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (4)关系代词和谓语动词之间有插入语时,谓语动词单复数要看关系代词的指代。 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (5)所有能做的都做了。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  all that can be done has been done. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (6)这就是我想要买的电影。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  this is the very dictionary that i want to buy. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (7)他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the first place that they visited in london was the big ben. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (8)站在那儿的是谁?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  who is the man that is standing there?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (9) they have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to environment protection.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  他们创立了一家环保公司。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (10)杭州不再是过去的杭州了。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  hangzhou  is no more the city that it used to be.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论3】指物时,定语从句中的关系代词只能用that的情况:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, the one, none, all, much, few, any, little等不定代词时,只用that。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②当先行词被the only, the very, all, much, few, any, little, no修饰时,只用that。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。先行词既有人又有物时,只用that。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,为避免重复要用that。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ⑤有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ⑥当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词也在从句中作表语时,只用that。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (11)那棵四百年的老树很有名。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (12)我们自给自足。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  we depend on the land  from which we get our food. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (13)这本书是关于我们要去参观的那座有名的建筑吗?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  is this the book that refers to the famous building which we will go to visit?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论4】只能用 which的情况:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①引导非限制性定语从句时,只能用which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②介词后只用which,且不能省略。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用that,另一个宜用which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (14)有人愿意帮助受伤的人吗?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  is there anyone who is ready to help the injured person?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (15)这就是那位帮助在事故中受伤的人的医生吗?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  is this the doctor that helped the people who were injured in the accident?BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论5】指人时,定语从句中的关系代词只能用who的情况:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①当先行词是anyone, those时,只用who。 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②有两个定语从句皆指人时,其中一个关系代词已用that,另一个宜用who。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (16)那个门破了的教室在二楼。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the classroom whose door / the door of which / of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 【结论6】whose可以指代人或物,在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时,whose + 名词= of which +名词 = 名词+ of which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (17)我们都知道,吸烟有害健康。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ① as we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  太阳照射地球,这对我们是很重要的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (18)①她和她妹妹穿一样的衣服。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  she wore the same dress as her young sister wore. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②这不是我们想到的那所房子。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  this house is not such as i expect.BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (19)就像我们指出的那样,这种物质是有毒的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  as was pointed out, this kind of substance is poisonous. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论7】关系代词as和which BcW易文君-文库范文网

  在非限制性定语从句中,as和which可代替整个主句,相当于and this或and that。二者的区别主要在于:BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以在主句前,也可以在主句后,有时还可以在插入句中,常带有“正如……,正像……”的意思。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后,翻译成“这”。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②as常用于以下固定搭配中:the same+名词+as “和……同样的”,such+名词+as“像……一样的,像……之类的”,…such as…“这样的人 / 物”。(such为代词,作先行词; as在从句中作宾语)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③在以下结构中,一般也用as: BcW易文君-文库范文网

  as (it)appears, as (it)seems, as (it)often happens, as (it)was pointed out / said / reported / announced, as (it)was said earlier, as i remember (it), as is well-known, as is known to all, as anybody can see等。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (20)这就是我一直在找的书。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  this is the book which / that / 不填i am looking for. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (21)他深爱对他慈爱的父母。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  =he loved his parents deeply, of whom both are very kind to him. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (22)我没有足够的钱去买那条昂贵的裙子。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  i don't have enough money with which to buy such an expensive dress. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (23)从1998年到XX年mike在这所大学学习,在此期间,他学习很努力并当选为学生会主席。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  mike studied at the university from 1998 to , during which time he studied very hard and was made chairman of the students' union. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论8】“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词指人时用whom,指物时用which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①某些带有介词的动词短语,介词可以提至关系代词之前,但是在一些固定搭配的短语动词中,由于动词和介词不可以分割,因此不能将介词置于关系代词之前,如take care of, look for, look after, care for等。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词,有时数词或代词也可以放在“介词+关系代词”之后。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③介词+which / whom+to do结构。这种结构可以改为:介词+which / whom+定语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④在非限制性定语从句中,which可作定语,指先行词(短语或句子)所表示的信息,形成“介词+which +名词”结构,相当于and in / at / during this / that+名词。  BcW易文君-文库范文网

  二、关系副词的使用BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (24)我仍然记得我们第一次上学的那天。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  i still remember the day  when /  on which we first came to the school. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (25)十年前我住的房子已经被推倒了。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the house where / in which i lived ten years ago has been pulled down. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (26)我不知道他今天看起来不高兴的原因。 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  i don't know the reason  why / for which he looks unhappy today. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论1】关系副词的分类和作用BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语;when=表示时间的介词(in / at / on / during…)+which。 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,where=表示地点的介词(in / at / on / under…)+which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语, why=表示原因的介词(for)+which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【翻译句子】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (27)他回答这个问题的方式是令人惊讶的。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the way  in which / that  / 不填he answered the question was surprising. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (28) the way  which / that he explained to us was quite simple. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论2】在以the way为先行词的定语从句中,若the way 在从句中充当状语,则通常由in which或that引导,而且通常可以省略。若the way 在从句中充当宾语,则通常由which或that引导。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (29)中国是风筝的起源地,并从那里传播到日本、韩国、泰国和印度。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  china is the birth place of kites, from where kites spread to japan, korea, thailand and india. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论3】有时为了表达更清楚,可以在关系副词where / when前加上介词to, from等。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  there is one point that we must insist on. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  有一个观点我们必须坚持。(定语从句可还原为:we must insist on the point,所以先行词point在定语从句中作宾语,故用that / which或省略。)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  we're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  我们正努力做到能让双方坐下来对话。 (定语从句可还原为:at the point both sides will sit down together and talk, 故先行词point在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词用where / at which。)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难剖析】一些特殊的先行词如situation, point, case, activity,scene及period, festival, occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析,作主语、宾语和表语用that / which,作状语用where / when / 介词+which。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  三、关系代 / 副词的选择技巧BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【完成例句】 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (30)我会记住我们一起度过的日子。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  i will remember the days that  / which  / 省略 we spent together. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (根据把定语从句还原成we spent the days together,判断出the days作spent的宾语)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (31) 6月7日是我们开始高考的日子。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  june 7 is the day when / on which we begin to take the college entrance examination. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (根据把定语从句还原成we begin to take the college entrance examination on the day,判断出on the day作状语。)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (32 )这是他工作过XX年的地方。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  this is the place where / in which he worked for ten years. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  (根据把定语从句还原成he worked in the place for ten years,判断出in the place作状语。)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①用还原法:将先行词放入定语从句中,找到它的原有位置,判断它做什么成分以及判断先行词指人还是指物。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②一般说来,作主语、宾语或表语时,用关系代词;作状语时,用关系副词或介词+which;作定语时,用whose。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  四、定语从句和其他句型之间的关系BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【例句观察】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  he is such a good boy that everyone likes him. (不缺句子成分,that引导结果状语从句)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  他是如此好的一位男孩以至于大家都喜欢他。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  he is such a good boy as everyone likes. (likes缺宾语,用as充当并引导定语从句)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  他是一个大家都喜欢的男孩。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  the great white shark is so fierce a fish as eats most of the others. (as充当eats的主语,并引导定语从句)BcW易文君-文库范文网

  大白鲨是大多数鱼都吃的一种凶狠的鱼。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【结论】区别such / so…as…引导的定语从句和such / so…that…引导的结果状语从句判断用that还是as, 只要看从句的结构是否完整即可。如果从句缺了主语或宾语就是定语从句;如果从句的结构完整,就是结果状语从句。 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难1】区别非限制性定语从句与并列句 BcW易文君-文库范文网

  — he wrote a lot of novels, none of ______ were popular. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  — it's the same with his wife. she wrote some plays, but none of ______ was a success. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  a. these; them        b. which; whichBcW易文君-文库范文网

  c. those; which   d. which; themBcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难剖析1】此题应选 d。很容易误选a、b。选对该题的关键是:要注意前面一句的 none of…没有并列连词(说明它才是非限制性定语从句,所以其后填which),而后面一句的none of…前有一并列连词but (说明它与前面一句构成并列句,所以其后填them)。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难2】区别定语从句与名词性从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①as is known to all, the moon travels around the earth. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②it is known to all that the moon travels around the earth. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③that the moon travels around the earth is known to all. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④what is known to all is that the moon travels around the earth. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难剖析2】BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①as引导非限制性定语从句;BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②it作形式主语,that引导主语从句; BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③that引导主语从句;BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④what引导主语从句, that引导表语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难3】区别定语从句与地点状语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①when you read the book, you'd better make a mark in the place where you have any questions. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②when you read the book, you'd better make a mark where you have any questions. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③please put the book in the place where you got it. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④please put the book where you got it. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难剖析3】①定语从句修饰place; ②地点状语从句;③定语从句修饰place;④地点状语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难4】区别定语从句与强调句、状语从句BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①it was this small village (that / which) we got to know each other. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②it was in this small village that we got to know each other. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ③it was 1914 when the war broke out. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ④it was in 1914 that the war broke out. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ⑤it was 1914, when the war broke out. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难剖析4】①定语从句;②强调句;③时间状语从句;④强调句;⑤非限制性定语从句。BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难5】定语从句中含有插入语BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ①he made another wonderful discovery, which i think is of great importance to science. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  ②the chinese government has decided to develop the west of china, which, i dare say, will benefit the people there, especially those who are still leading a poor life. BcW易文君-文库范文网

  【疑难剖析5】①i think作插入语;②i dare say作插入语。BcW易文君-文库范文网

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